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电力电子工业用蜡Waxes for Power Electronics Industry

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药物和化妆品用蜡Waxes for Pharmaceutical And Cosmetics

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皮革工业用蜡
Waxes for Leather Industry

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陶瓷工业用蜡
Waxes for Ceramic Industry

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纺织工业用蜡
Waxes for Textile Industry

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粘合密封用蜡Waxes for Adhesive And Sealant

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家禽拔毛蜡
Waxes for Poultry process

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造纸及包装工业用蜡
Waxes for Paper- Making and Packaging Industry

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木材加工用蜡
Waxes for Timber Process

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蜡烛工业用蜡
Waxes for Candle Industry

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体育用品用蜡
Waxes for Sports

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其他特种蜡
Other Special Waxes

欧洲委员会对9家联合操纵蜡产品价格的卡特尔进行惩罚
European Commission Fines Nine European Wax Producers For Operating A Price Fixing Cartel

2008-11-25

     欧盟委员会对欧洲蜡产品制造商从2007年6月份宣布和开始进行联合定价调查,作为调查结果,委员会宣布决定对9家粗蜡和石蜡生产商征收6.76亿欧元(9.56亿美元)的罚款。委员会声称,该卡特尔在1995年至2005年之间操纵石蜡价格。这个罚金总额是欧盟委员会按照制度征收的第四大罚金。
     南非的沙索公司和德国沙索国际被征以最高罚款额3.18亿欧元(4.48亿美元),其他公司的罚款额度以欧元和美元计价包括:法国道达尔公司(Total)1.28亿欧元(1.8亿美元);比利时埃克森美孚石油8400万欧元(1.18亿美元);德国BWE公司2370万欧元(3340万美元);意大利的埃尼公司2900万欧元(4090万美元);德国的汉森和罗森塔尔公司2370万欧元(3340万美元);西班牙的莱普索尔公司1980万欧元(2790万美元);德国的Tudapetrol公司1200万欧元(1690万美元)。
     尽管这些家被罚款的公司都涉及到石蜡,很多公司是因为销售到德国市场的粗蜡和石蜡对客户利益造成侵害。这些公司包括埃克森美孚、沙索、壳牌、莱恩和道达尔。以前粗蜡是用来生产石蜡的原料。委员会还指出,壳牌公司也参与了这次价格卡特尔,但是该公司免受惩罚是因为根据欧盟裁判的原则,壳牌公司向欧盟委员会揭露了这个卡特尔的存在。欧盟委员会还指出欧盟成员国内在这次卡特尔事件中受损的任何公司和个人都有权向该国的委员会提出索偿。
     在一份单独的声明中,沙索由于对调查的支持和配合,欧盟已经将罚款额度减少了50%,即为上文所述的金额。沙索公司同时还表明,对这次巨额的罚款感到惊奇和不理解,他们将进一步找寻原因,找到合适的观点提出上诉。另外,沙索还表明会重审事件的的审理过程,看看是否要对之前的权利人采取措施。
     1995年,沙索成为舒曼集团(Schumann)在德国汉堡蜡业务的股份的共有者。在2002年7月,沙索取得了所有的股权。直到2005年4月欧盟委员会对德国汉堡的蜡业务开始调查之前,沙索公司都没有意识到这次调查的危害。沙索认为这个事件是严重的信号,并且已经加强了在所有业务上包括合资企业上的竞争力和对反垄断法的应用。

     As a result of the investigation announced and started in June of 2007 into price fixing by European wax producers, the European Commission(EU) has announced fines totaling ε 676 million($US956million)against nine producers of slack and paraffin waxes. The commission alleged that the cartel operated between 1992 and 2005. The commission reported that the total amount of the fine was the fourth highest ever imposed by the regulators.
     Sasol Ltd of South Africa and Sasol Wax International of Germany were penalized the largest fine, ε318million ($448 million). Other companies involved and the amount of their fines in euros and U.S. dollars include Total of France, ε 128 million ($180million); ExxonMobil of Belgium, ε84 million,($118million); RWE of Germany, ε37.4 million($52.7 million); ENI of Italy ε 29.0 million ($40.9 million); Hansen & Rosenthal of Germany, ε23.7 million(S33.4million); Repsol of Spain, ε19.8 million(S27.9 million) and Tudapetrol of Germany, ε12 million($16.9million).
     White the fines against all companies covered paraffin waxes, several companies were fined for infringements related to slack wax sales to customers on the German market. These companies include ExxonMobil, Sasol, Shell, RWE, and Total. Slack wax is the raw material used to produce paraffin wax.. The commission also indicated that while Shell participated in the price fixing cartel, the company escaped the fine because under the whistle blower rule it revealed the existence of the cartel to the commission. The Commission also indicated that individuals or companies that were victims of the cartel were entitled to seek damages in national courts of EU member states.
     In a separate statement, Sasol reported that as result of its cooperation and support in the investigations, the EU had reduced the amount of the fine by 50 percent to the net amount stated above. Sasol also indicated that it was surprised and does not understand the reasons for the magnitude of the fine and will be studying the reasons for the finding with a view toward lodging an appeal against it. In addition, the company indicated that it would review the judgment as to whether or not it might consider action against the previous owners.
In 1995 Sasol became of coshareholder in existing wax business located in Hamburg, Germany owned by the Schumann Group. In July 2002 Sasol acquired the remaining shares of the business. Sasol Limited was unaware of the investigations of these infringements before the European Commission commenced their investigation of the wax business located in Hamburg until April of 2005. Sasol indicated that it views this matter in a serious light and has intensified its competition and anti-trust law compliance programs in all its businesses including joint ventures.

 
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