A photoinitiator is a compound which, upon absorption of light, undergoes a photoreaction, producing reactive species. The latter are capable of initiating or catalyzing chemical reactions, which result in significant changes in the solubility and physical properties of suitable formulations. Hence, the photoinitiator is a compound transforming the physical energy of light into suitable chemical energy in the form of reactive intermediates.
Most commonly, these changes are achieved by polymerization or polycondensation reactions. When initiated with a photoinitiator and light, this process is called photopolymerization or radiation curing. It transforms a liquid and soluble formulation into a hard and insoluble crosslinked polymer network. The cured coating is chemically and physically resistant and can give both protection and decoration of the substrate whether plastics, wood or metal.
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