Urea is the kind of nitrogen fertilizer that is widely
used in the agriculture. Its output and application are
being increased year by year. It is estimated the volume
of application in the 21 century will reach 20 million tons.
However the efficacy of nitrogen of urea is only 30-40%,
which is much lower than that of 50-60% in the developed
countries. The low efficacy of nitrogen led to the cost
increase, resources waste and environment pollution like
volatilization of NH3, emission of oxide of nitrogen and
oxygen. So it is of crucial importance to improve the efficiency
of urea.
Qiangli urea is made of urea and calcium cyanamide. Calcium
cyanamide is also called lime nitrogen. Molecular formula
is CaCN2with 20% nitrogen. It can be used as
nitrogen fertilizer and meanwhile it can act as pesticide
and weedicide. In the soil calcium cyanamide reacts with
H2O and CO2 to form the Cyanamid and
then is changed into NH4, which can be absorbed
easily. Free Cyanamid formed in a series of reactions, will
finally turn into dicyandiamide through polymerization,
which is good nitrification inhibitor. Adding it into urea
will extend the efficiency period and efficacy of the nitrogen
of urea in terms of transformations of calcium cyanamide.

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